What goes in a business plan?

The Following areas are potential section heads for a business plan.  Not all sections are suitable for every business plan and some sections may need to be added for others

Business PlanAn excellent question, and one that many new and potential small business owners should ask, but oftentimes don't ask.  The Business Plan also consists of the Market Plan and Financials.  The body of the business plan can be divided into five distinct sections:

1)      the description of the business,

2)      the marketing plan,                             (The Market Plan)

3)      the management plan,

4)      the financial plan,

5)      Addenda to the business plan should include the executive summary (read at the beginning of the document, but written last), supporting documents and financial projections.

It is The Synergy Group’s experience and belief that business plans assist the development of the overall structure of a company's Financial and Management needs.  The day-to-day success of an enterprise and its ability to attract capital depends to a large degree on the completeness, clarity and precision of the business planning process.

Strategic business plans meet specific needs of a company in various stages of its life.  The Synergy Group specialises in the creation of short term and long term Comprehensive Business Plans used for both management control and for presentations to the appropriate capital sources.

All new ventures (needing outside capital or not) must depend on a Well Documented and Frequently Updated Plan.  The objectives are two fold. 

Firstly to give prospective investors a realistic valuation of the feasibility and risks involved with a thorough analysis of capital needs and applications. 

        Secondly

to provide the entrepreneurial team with a detailed operational guideline.

New Entrepreneurs and rapidly growing companies require not only adequate funding, but also strong operational and financial controls.  A detailed plan decreases the risks associated with rapid growth by keeping the management team focused and financing sources up to speed.

Special project plans are used to

  • assess the reality of undertaking new markets,
  • developing new products or services and
  • analysing feasibility of financial profitability related to capital acquisition.

Franchising, mergers, acquisitions and leveraged buy-outs require decisive action from a position of strength.  Business plans must reflect the financial structure of the surviving company, as well as detailing the generation of increased cash flow to meet new debt requirements.

Turnaround companies must develop solid profitability.  These plans describe management's strategic focus and how the plan will be implemented and properly executed to accomplish the turnaround.  It requires detailed support of increasing revenues, expense cuts, and corporate asset management to secure the proper capital sources.

 

1.   Vision

2.   Mission Statement

3.   General Comment

3.1.        Confidential Statement

3.2.        Risk Statement

3.3.        Preamble

4.   Executive Summary

4.1.        Business Description

4.2.        Current position & Future Outlook

4.3.        Management and Ownership

4.4.        Uniqueness’ of the Business

4.5.        Funds Sought and Usage

4.6.        Loan Repayment

4.7.        Financial Summary

5.   Introduction

5.1.        Terms of reference of this report

5.2.        Procedures used in writing the report

5.3.        Criteria for measuring our success

6.   Management & Ownership or Personal Profile

7.   Business Description

7.1.        Current status of the business

7.2.        Type of business ~ now & within 12 months

7.3.        Type of business – within three - five years

7.4.        Type of business ~ within 10 years

7.5.        Corporate structure – now & in the future.

7.6.        History

7.7.        Type of industry

7.8.        Resources of the Business ~ now & in the future

8.   Business Objectives

8.1.        Short Term – up to 12 months

8.2.        Medium Term – from one to three years

8.3.        Long Term from three years on

9.   Company Analysis

9.1.        Sustainable Competitive Advantage

9.2.        Our Strengths

9.3.        Our Weaknesses

9.4.        Constraints on the business

9.5.        Opportunities in the Market

9.6.        Threats to the Business

9.7.        Responsive strategy

10.       Product and Service

10.1.     Product Description

10.2.     The Unfilled Need

10.3.     Uniqueness’ of the Business

10.4.     Features and Benefits of the product

10.5.     Pricing and Value for Money

10.5.1.Expected competitor reaction

10.6.     Trade Marks, Copyrights, Licensing and Patents

11.       Sales & Marketing

11.1.     Market overview and size

11.1.1.Demand for this type of business

11.2.     Market segments

11.2.1.Growth projections and attractiveness of our niche

11.3.     Customer profile

11.3.1.Customer groups

11.3.2.Why we chose to target them

11.4.     Competition

11.4.1.Competitor groups

11.4.2.Strengths and weaknesses

11.4.3.Strategies & marketing methods

11.4.4.Financial condition

11.4.5.Profile & comments

11.5.     Geographic market factors

11.6.     Barriers to Market entry

11.7.     Sales Plan, Targets & Market Share

11.7.1.Sales Strategies

11.7.2.Selling methods

11.7.3.Sales Records

11.8.     Market Plan (incl 4 Ps)

11.8.1.Marketing Strategies

11.8.2.After Sales Strategies & Guarantees

11.8.3.Promotions & Advertising

12.       Operational Plans

12.1.     Utilisation – labour & resources

12.2.     Services

12.3.     Service and delivery

12.4.     Supply and stocking plans

12.5.     Facility plans

12.6.     Administration plans

12.7.     Employment & personnel plans

13.       Financial Plans & Budgets

13.1.     Assumptions, Definitions and Notes

13.2.     Financial Overview

13.3.     Profit and loss Projections

13.4.     Cash flow forecasts

13.5.     Balance Sheets

13.6.     Ratio Analysis

13.7.     Taxation Analysis

14.       Appendices

14.1.     Product and promotional brochures

14.2.     Testimonials

14.3.     CVs

14.4.     Financial Overviews

14.5.     Projected Profit & Loss Accounts

14.6.     Projected Balance Sheets

14.7.     Cash Flow Projections

14.8.     Certificates

14.9.     Photographs

14.10.  References to other material

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